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Concrete and Clay: Reworking Nature in New York City (Urban and Industrial Environments), by Matthew Gandy
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In this innovative account of the urbanization of nature in New York City, Matthew Gandy explores how the raw materials of nature have been reworked to produce a "metropolitan nature" distinct from the forms of nature experienced by early settlers. The book traces five broad developments: the expansion and redefinition of public space, the construction of landscaped highways, the creation of a modern water supply system, the radical environmental politics of the barrio in the late 1960s and early 1970s, and the contemporary politics of the environmental justice movement. Drawing on political economy, environmental studies, social theory, cultural theory, and architecture, Gandy shows how New York's environmental history is bound up not only with the upstate landscapes that stretch beyond the city's political boundaries but also with more distant places that reflect the nation's colonial and imperial legacies. Using the shifting meaning of nature under urbanization as a framework, he looks at how modern nature has been produced through interrelated transformations ranging from new water technologies to changing fashions in landscape design. Throughout, he considers the economic and ideological forces that underlie phenomena as diverse as the location of parks and the social stigma of dirty neighborhoods.
- Sales Rank: #826299 in Books
- Published on: 2003-08-29
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.00" h x .80" w x 7.00" l, 1.19 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 358 pages
From Publishers Weekly
New York has attempted to balance progress with health, safety and aesthetics during the course of its development, argues Gandy, a scholar in geography and urban studies at the University College of London. Gandy has pieced together a fascinating environmental history of New York along five specific axes: the creation of a workable system of water supply, the developing concept of public space, the establishment of landscaped highways, the profound changes that environmentalism had on the Latino barrio in the 1960s and '70s, and environmentalism as a political movement. The facts accumulate somewhat haphazardly: Aaron Burr's 1799 Manhattan Water company never delivered on its promise to bring clean water to the city, but did become a major banking concern; Olmstead's Anglophile vision of Central Park "was anathema to Irish political and intellectual opinion"; the post-WWII "spread of car ownership" spawned trips similar to the 19th-century railroad's "nature tourism," leading to landscaped parkways. But by the end, Gandy ties them all convincingly and neatly to issues in contemporary environmentalism. By examining, for example, how health issues embraced by such militant community groups as the Black Panthers and the Young Lords translated into environmental activism in the 1970s, and how an unlikely coalition between Latino and Hasidic activists against a proposed Brooklyn Navy Yard waste incinerator challenged and changed New York's community politics, Gandy deftly and provocatively connects issues of health, politics, economics and urbanology in a compulsively readable (for the more wonkily inclined) and illuminating cultural analysis. (Apr.) Forecast: As pundits, developers, administrators and activists enter the debate over what to do with the World Trade Center site and how to do it, this history of the city's politico-environmental nexus should find its way into many of their hands, particularly those concerned about the site's toxicity. Heightened New York interest continues outside the city; expect solid sales from campus and issue-oriented shops.
Copyright 2002 Cahners Business Information, Inc.
Review
...a fascinating overview of New York City's technological and social infrastructures.
(Journal of Architectural Education)Gandy has pieced together a fascinating environmental history of New York.
(Publishers Weekly)Concrete and Clay is a towering achievement and a wonderful addition to the literature on the urban environment.
(Ari Kelman American Studies)This remarkable book renders more visible the complex process of socio-environmental transformation that gives form and substance to the city. It is a great read -- insightful and well-researched, yet accessible.
(Erik Swyngedouw, St. Peter's College and School of Geography and the Environment, Oxford University)Gandy deftly and provocatively connects issue of health, politics, economics, and urbanology in a compulsively readable and illuminating cultural analysis.
(Publishers Weekly)Gandy does an excellent job of guiding the reader through the thicket of New York's societal relationships with nature. The study defies common conventions of urban historical narrative by allowing the reader to access New York's nature from a variety of perspectives: capital, technology, modernization, landscape, liberation politics, and environmental justice. Concrete and Clay is a major achievement in the field of urban ecology.
(Roger Keil, Faculty of Environmental Studies, York University)This is a masterful book: sweeping in its coverage of urban environmental issues, provocative in its critique of contemporary environmentalism, and economical in its execution. I can think of no other work that so effectively manages to sustain an analysis of the urban environment across such broad shifts in urban capitalism. By relentlessly bringing us back to the underlying patterns of capital accumulation and political power in cities, Gandy offers a powerful corrective to models of sustainability that invoke an organic ideal of urban nature.
(Andrew Hurley, Department of History, University of Missouri, St. Louis)This is a wonderful book -- rich in detail and broad in analytic scope. Gandy uncovers the hidden intersections of nature, culture, and power on which the building of cities relies. He offers a dramatic new synthesis of what we know about New York City and the natural environment of water, waste, air, and parkland, framed by the continual struggle for democracy.
(Sharon Zukin, author of The Cultures of Cities) About the Author
Matthew Gandy teaches geography and urban studies in the Faculty of Social and Historical Sciences at University College London. He has been a visiting scholar in the Graduate School of Architecture, Planning, and Preservation at Columbia University.
Most helpful customer reviews
6 of 6 people found the following review helpful.
Re-Thinking Nature in New York City
By M. Zavala
Matthew Gandy's CONCRETE AND CLAY is a sweeping history of the different ways in which nature has been reworked in New York City. It includes an historical account of the ways in which the current water system was put in place. It also offers an in-depth discussion of the Olmstedian ideology of nature and space, a useful way for framing the ways in which construction and land use has functioned in NYC over time. In addition to these important historical insights, the book also offers a glimpse into early forms of local organizing in what would later take the distinct shape of the environmental justice movement in the history of the Young Lords. But because the book is specifically about NYC, Gandy focuses his attention on the Lords' movement in the city, while only offering a nod to the successful organizing campaigns that took place in cities like Chicago. This history of Young Lords activism against environmental neglect is often left out of mainstream historical accounts. Gandy situates it center stage and thus honors the impact the initial sanitation movement had for not just the Puerto Rican population, but for the city at large. This book is a must read for anyone interested in a different type of history of New York City, one taken from a perspective that challenges more common ideas about urbanity transcending nature.
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Great
By JB
This book was so so good. I love New York City and to learn so much about how the great city was developed was a good read.
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
College read
By H Rice
It was an interesting book to read for an environmental class in college. It has a very interesting text as you read.
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